Exercise
Barbell Bench Press
The Barbell Bench Press is a foundational chest exercise used to build upper-body pushing strength with a barbell on a flat bench.
Barbell Bench Press
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The Barbell Bench Press is a classic upper-body strength exercise that focuses on building chest, shoulder, and arm strength. The movement involves pressing a barbell upward while lying on a bench and is widely used in gyms as a key exercise for developing pushing power and overall upper-body strength. Because of its simplicity and effectiveness, it is commonly included in both beginner and advanced training programs.
The barbell bench press primarily targets the chest muscles, with the shoulders and triceps assisting throughout the pressing motion while the upper back and core help keep the body stable on the bench. This stable setup allows lifters to use heavier weights than most chest exercises, making the movement especially effective for building strength and measuring progress over time.
The exercise is widely used in strength training and bodybuilding and is also one of the three competition lifts in powerlifting, where maximum upper-body strength is tested under strict rules. By adjusting the weight, repetitions, and tempo, the barbell bench press can be used to support different training goals, from building muscle to improving pure pressing strength.
How to Perform the Barbell Bench Press
- Lie flat on the bench with your feet firmly planted on the floor and establish a stable five-point contact position (head, upper back, glutes, and both feet).
- Grasp the barbell with a grip slightly wider than shoulder-width, using a full grip where the bar rests on the base of your palm with thumbs wrapped around the bar.
- Unrack the barbell by straightening your arms and moving it horizontally until it's positioned directly over your mid-chest or lower sternum.
- Take a deep breath into your belly and brace your core while pulling your shoulder blades together and down to create tension.
- Lower the barbell with control to your mid-chest while keeping your elbows at approximately a 45-75 degree angle relative to your torso.
- Pause briefly at the bottom position with the bar lightly touching your chest, maintaining full-body tension throughout.
- Press the barbell upward by driving through your feet and pushing your back into the bench, exhaling gradually as you extend your arms.
- Lock out your elbows at the top position without excessive hyperextension before beginning the next repetition or re-racking the weight.
Important information
- Keep your wrists straight throughout the movement, aligned with your forearms to prevent unnecessary strain.
- Maintain your natural back arch during the exercise, but avoid excessively arching your lower back which can lead to poor technique.
- Never bounce the barbell off your chest or use momentum to lift the weight, as this reduces muscle engagement and increases injury risk.
- If you don't have a spotter, consider using a power rack with safety pins set at an appropriate height for protection.
FAQ - Barbell Bench Press
The barbell bench press primarily targets the pectoral (chest) muscles while also significantly engaging the triceps and anterior deltoids. Your core and shoulder stabilizers also work isometrically throughout the movement to maintain proper form.
Most intermediate male lifters should aim for approximately 1-1.5 times their bodyweight for a one-rep max, while female lifters typically reach 0.8-1 times bodyweight. Start with 70-80% of your one-rep max for working sets of 6-10 reps to balance strength development and hypertrophy.
Maintain proper scapular retraction by pulling your shoulder blades together and down before unracking the weight. Keep your elbows at a 45-75 degree angle relative to your torso rather than flaring them out to 90 degrees, and ensure the bar path travels to your mid-chest rather than your neck or upper abs.
Most intermediate lifters benefit from bench pressing 2-3 times per week, allowing 48-72 hours between sessions for recovery. You can vary the intensity and volume between sessions (e.g., one heavy day at 85-90% 1RM for 3-5 reps and one moderate day at 70-75% for 8-12 reps).
Avoid bouncing the bar off your chest, lifting your hips off the bench, and using excessive arch in your lower back. Also, don't hold your breath throughout the entire rep—instead, brace your core, inhale during the lowering phase, and exhale during the pressing phase while maintaining tension.
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Barbell Bench Press
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